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West Wallsend is a suburb and small town in the City of Lake Macquarie in New South Wales, Australia. It is near the Sydney-Newcastle Freeway and the western suburbs of Newcastle. ==Coal and railways== West Wallsend's origins are in coal mining, the main concern being West Wallsend Colliery, from whose boundaries the old town grew. The West Wallsend Coal Company was formed in 1885 with a capital of £90,000 sterling. It secured of freehold land at and around where the township now stands. A shaft of in depth serviced the Borehole seam of almost in thickness. The coal was shipped by the West Wallsend Coal Company's private railway〔''The Railways and Collieries of the West Wallsend District'' Andrews, B.R. Australian Railway Historical Society Bulletin, April; May 1975; pp. 77-93, 109–123〕 (which later had several branch line extensions to Seahampton, Fairley, and Killingworth) via Cockle Creek junction onto the government's main north-south line. An Act of Parliament was passed on 27 August 1886, for the construction of the line and an Amendment passed on 13 July 1887 permitted its connection to the government system. The original line had cost over £16,000 pounds sterling, and at Cockle Creek there were seven sets of sidings to handle the output of the collieries which used the line.〔''Newcastle Morning Herald'', 26 November 1889.〕 At the time of the opening, on 3 July 1888, it was estimated West Wallsend Colliery would produce up to 200,000 tons of coal a year. In 1895 Caledonian Collieries Limited purchased the company, its collieries, and the railway. During the industry slump in 1923 it was announced that West Wallsend Colliery would close, raising questions in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly. Regardless of massive reserves, the mine closed on 14 September 1923, 5,376,410 tons of coal having been extracted in its relatively short period of operations – 35 years. A passenger service also once operated between Cockle Creek and West Wallsend, the latter having a fully manned station where tickets could be purchased to anywhere in the State which had a railway connection. The last passenger service to West Wallsend ran on 13 January 1930, and the line between Seahampton, West Wallsend, and the Fairley (Seaham No.2 Colliery) Junction closed on 26 November 1938. When Seaham No.2 closed in 1945 the only portion of the railway which continued in use, until 1962, was to Killingworth. One mine still operates in the district〔http://www.westwallsendcolliery.com.au/EN/AboutUs/Pages/Location.aspx〕 but its coal is shipped by road. The mine's owners have announced that it will be closed in 2016 for economic reasons.〔https://uk.finance.yahoo.com/news/glencore-close-australian-west-wallsend-050050809.html〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「West Wallsend, New South Wales」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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